What is HDI PCB? Definition & IPC-2226 Standards Core Definition of High-Density Interconnect PCB Per the IPC-2226 international standard, a High-Density Interconnect (HDI) PCB is a printed c...

Two critical via types used in HDI PCB design to lower interconnect density, enhance signal integrity, and maximize performance are skip vias and blind vias. Engineers frequently have to choose bet...

With the increasing emphasis on sustainability, fire safety, and compliance, the demand for halogen-free FR4 alternatives in automotive applications is rapidly growing. Traditional FR4 PCB material...

When designing complex multilayer PCBs, particularly those with 12 or more layers, via selection plays a critical role in balancing cost, performance, and manufacturability. Two of the most debated...

Choosing the right surface finish in PCB prototyping is a technical detail that can define how smoothly your project moves from design to testing. ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) and ENEPI...

Printed circuit board (PCB) designers face increasing challenges in routing dense ball grid arrays (BGAs), especially with pitches as tight as 0.3mm. High-density interconnect (HDI) technology, par...

You need to be extra careful when designing breakaway tabs for 0.4mm-thick rigid-flex PCBs. These boards are thin and flexible, often used in small devices like smartwatches, hearing aids, or compa...

Low-volume PCB assembly, often called small batch assembly, involves producing a limited number of circuit board assemblies, usually between 25 and 5000. This assembly type is essential for applica...

The desmear process is key when making PTFE-based RF circuit boards. PTFE is a special material used in high-frequency circuits because of its great electrical properties. But PTFE has a tough surf...

When making a printed circuit board (PCB), the surface finish is one of the most critical choices. This is the coating applied to the exposed copper areas of the board to protect them from oxidatio...

When it comes to modern power electronics, switching mode power supplies (SMPS) are everywhere, from phone chargers to industrial control units. Well, with great efficiency comes a hidden challenge...

A rigid-flex PCB is a circuit board that combines complex and flexible parts. It is made of layers that can bend in some places and stay firm in others, helping the board fit into small or oddly sh...